Autophagy—meaning "self-eating" in Greek—is a fundamental cellular mechanism that preserves cell health by recycling and degrading worn-out or dysfunctional components. Serving as an essential ...

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) remains a leading cause of cirrhosis and liver-related mortality worldwide, with few effective therapies.

he ubiquitin‒proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are protein degradation pathways essential for maintaining protein balance and regulation, or proteostasis (left panel). When proteasome activity ...

Mitochondria are central hubs for cellular stress adaptation, with their function integrated with both apoptosis and autophagy pathways that determine cell fate. Alterations in mitochondrial ...